Scientific papers

@article{Mba2019a,

title = {Short term optimization of glycaemic control using insulin improves sympatho-vagal tone activities in patients with type 2 diabetes.},

author = {Camille Maadjhou Mba and Chris-Nadège Nganou-Gnindjio and Marcel Azabji-Kenfack and Liliane Mfeukeu-Kuate and Mesmin Yefou Dehayem and Jean Claude Mbanya and Eugène Sobngwi},

url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31586660},

doi = {10.1016/j.diabres.2019.107875},

issn = {1872-8227},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Diabetes research and clinical practice},

volume = {157},

pages = {107875},

abstract = {INTRODUCTION Diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is potentially life threatening and its severity might further be aggravated by poor glycaemic control. A decrease in Heart rate variability (HRV) is the earliest finding of CAN even at the sub clinical stage. While intensive glycaemic control prevents the development of CAN in patients with type 1 diabetes, it is not known whether the intensification of glycaemic control using insulin would improve cardiovascular autonomic functions in type 2 diabetes patients. This study aimed to determine the short term effects of optimizing glycaemic control using insulin on the HRV in type 2 diabetes patients. METHODS We conducted a single arm open label clinical trial. Participants were poorly controlled non-insulin treated type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (HbA1c ≥ 7%). The intervention lasted 60 days and consisted in the intensification of glycaemic control through the initiation of a basal plus insulin regimen with titration of insulin to protocol defined glycaemic targets which were; fasting glycaemia: 0.70-1.30 g/L and post prandial glycaemia <1.80 g/L. Long term HRV measurement was done using a 24-h ambulatory electrocardiographic (ECG) recording on day 0 and day 60. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare differences in HRV parameters before and after the intervention. RESULTS A total of 29 (14 males and 15 females) consenting type 2 diabetes mellitus patients without clinical signs of CAN were enrolled and allocated to intervention (14 males and 15 females). The median age was 52 [43-59] years, and duration of diabetes 3.0 [0.6-6.7] years. The intervention induced a reduction in HbA1c from 10.1 [9.1-11.9]% to 6.7 [5.9-6.9]% (p < 0.001) without severe hypoglycaemic events. Concerning HRV parameters, there was a significant improvement in markers of the parasympathetic tone (PNN50: 5.7 [3.6-10.3]% to 8.1 [3.1-16.9]%},

keywords = {Glycaemic control, HRV, Insulin, Type 2 diabetes mellitus},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Mato2018,

title = {Genetic polymorphisms of organic cation transporters 1 (OCT1) and responses to metformin therapy in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review protocol.},

author = {Edith Pascale Mofo Mato and Magellan Guewo-Fokeng and M Faadiel Essop and Peter Mark Oroma Owira},

url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30041690 http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=PMC6058382},

doi = {10.1186/s13643-018-0773-y},

issn = {2046-4053},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Systematic reviews},

volume = {7},

issue = {1},

pages = {105},

abstract = {BACKGROUND Metformin is one of the most commonly used drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Despite its efficacy and safety, metformin is frequently associated with highly variable glycemic responses, which is hypothesized to be the result of genetic variations in its transport by organic cation transporters (OCTs). This systematic review aims to highlight and summarize the overall effects of OCT1 polymorphisms on therapeutic responses to metformin and to evaluate their potential role in terms of interethnic differences with metformin responses. METHODS/DESIGN We will systematically review observational studies reporting on the genetic association between OCT1 polymorphisms and metformin responses in T2DM patients. A comprehensive search strategy formulated with the help of a librarian will be used to search MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL for relevant studies published between January 1990 and July 2017. Two review authors will independently screen titles and abstracts in duplicate, extract data, and assess the risk of bias with discrepancies resolved by discussion or arbitration of a third review author. Mined data will be grouped according to OCT1 polymorphisms, and their effects on therapeutic responses to metformin will be narratively synthesized. If sufficient numbers of homogeneous studies are scored, meta-analyses will be performed to obtain pooled effect estimates. Funnel plots analysis and Egger's test will be used to assess publication bias. This study will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. DISCUSSION This review will summarize the genetic effects of OCT1 polymorphisms associated with variabilities in glycemic responses to metformin. The findings of this study could help to develop genetic tests that could predict a person's response to metformin treatment and create personalized drugs with greater efficacy and safety. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION Registration number: PROSPERO, CRD42017079978.},

keywords = {Genetic polymorphisms, Glycemic response, Metformin, OCT1, Type 2 diabetes mellitus},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Mato2016,

title = {The Pro12Ala polymorphism in the PPAR-γ2 gene is not associated to obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Cameroonian population},

author = {Edith Pascale M. Mato and Priscille Eunice Pokam-Fosso and Barbara Atogho-Tiedeu and Jean Jacques N. Noubiap and Marie-Solange Evehe and Rosine Djokam-Dadjeu and Olivier Sontsa Donfack and Elvis Ndonwi Ngwa and Magellan Guewo-Fokeng and Wilfred F. Mbacham and Eugene Sobngwi and Jean Claude Mbanya},

url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40608-016-0104-6 http://bmcobes.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40608-016-0104-6},

doi = {10.1186/s40608-016-0104-6},

issn = {2052-9538},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {BMC Obesity},

volume = {3},

issue = {1},

pages = {26},

publisher = {BMC Obesity},

abstract = {Background: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 2 (PPAR-γ2) is a transcription factor with a key role in adipocyte differentiation, lipid storage and glucose homeostasis. The Ala allele of the common Pro12Ala polymorphism in the isoform PPAR-γ2 is at the center of many controversies because in some populations, it has been observed to be associated with T2DM or obesity but, not in others. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of Pro12Ala polymorphism in the PPAR-γ2 gene with susceptibility to obesity or T2DM in a Cameroonian population. Methods: This case-control study included 62 obese, 60 T2DM patients and 120 controls (60 non obese and 60 patients without T2DM), all unrelated and of Cameroonian origin. PPAR-γ2 was examined by genotyping for Pro12Ala using the Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism - Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR - RFLP). Results: A portion of the 270 base pair bands of the PPAR-γ2 gene was successfully amplified. The Ala12 variant was totally absent from the study population, all participants being homozygote Pro/Pro. Conclusion: PPAR-γ2 Pro12Ala gene polymorphism may not be associated with obesity and T2DM. These results suggest that, PPAR-γ2 is unlikely a major gene for obesity or T2DM in the study population.},

keywords = {Genetic association, obesity, PPAR gamma2, PPAR-γ2, Pro12Ala, Type 2 diabetes mellitus},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}